涉农中小企业人力资源管理存在的问题及优化策略——基于农林经济发展视角
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丁战战，王文杰
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1.济南学府教育信息咨询有限公司，山东济南，250100；2.江苏帝标知识产权有限公司，江苏徐州，221000
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摘要：在乡村振兴战略与农林经济转型升级的双重背景下，涉农中小企业作为连接农业生产与市场流通的关键载体，其人力资源管理水平直接影响产业竞争力与可持续发展能力。本文基于 10 亿+ 人才数据样本及行业实证案例，系统分析涉农中小企业人力资源管理在人才结构、配置效率、培训体系、激励机制等方面存在的突出问题，揭示农林经济发展对人力资源质量、结构、管理模式提出的新要求。研究发现，涉农中小企业本科及以上学历管理人员占比仅 15%，年度员工流失率高达 15%-25%，培训经费占比不足营收 1%，显著制约企业转型升级。基于此，从人才引育、数字化转型、机制创新、政策协同四个维度提出优化策略，为涉农中小企业破解人力资源困局、适配农林经济高质量发展提供实践路径。
关健词：涉农中小企业；人力资源管理；农林经济；人才流失；数字化转型
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Problems and optimization strategies in human resource
management of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises:based on the perspective of agricultural and forestry economic
development
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Zhanzhan Ding,Wenjie Wang
1.Jinan Xuefu Education Information Consulting Co., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong 250100, China；2.Jiangsu Dibiao Intellectual Property Co., Ltd., Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
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Abstract: Against the dual background of rural revitalization strategy and agricultural and forestry economic transformation and upgrading, agricultural small and medium-sized enterprises, as key carriers connecting agricultural production and market circulation, have a direct impact on industrial competitiveness and sustainable development capabilities in terms of their human resource management level. This article is based on a sample of over 1 billion talent data and industry empirical cases, systematically analyzing the prominent problems in human resource management of agricultural small and medium-sized nterprises in terms of talent structure, allocation efficiency, training system, incentive mechanism, etc., and revealing the new requirements for human resource quality, structure, and management mode proposed by the development of agricultural and
forestry economy. Research has found that only 15% of management personnel in agricultural small and medium-sized enterprises have a bachelor's degree or above, and the annual employee turnover rate is as high as 15% -25%. The proportion of training funds is less than 1% of revenue, which significantly restricts the transformation and upgrading of enterprises. Based on this, optimization strategies are proposed from four dimensions: talent cultivation, digital transformation, mechanism innovation, and policy coordination, providing a practical path for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises to solve the human resource dilemma and adapt to the high-quality development of agriculture and forestry economy.
Keywords : agricultural small and medium-sized enterprises; Human resource management; Agricultural and forestry economy;brain drain digital transformation
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